Essential Grammar in Use - Unit 111 - on at by with about: Lý Thuyết

ON được dùng trong các cụm từ cố định sau:

• on holiday (đi nghỉ): Jane isn't at work this week. She's on holiday.
• on television / on TV (trên tivi): We watched the news on TV.
• on the radio (trên đài): We listened to the news on the radio.
• on the phone (qua điện thoại): I spoke to Rachel on the phone last night.
• on fire (đang cháy): The house is on fire! Call the fire brigade.
• on time (đúng giờ, không muộn): 'Was the train late?' 'No, it was on time.'

AT được dùng với:

• at (the age of) + số tuổi: Lisa got married at 21. (hoặc at the age of 21)
• at + tốc độ: A car uses more petrol at 120 kilometres an hour than at 90.
• at + nhiệt độ: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

BY được dùng với phương tiện giao thông:

• by car / by bus / by plane / by train / by bike: Do you like travelling by train?
  Jane usually goes to work by bike.

BY chỉ tác giả hoặc người sáng tạo:

• a book by... / a painting by... / a piece of music by...:
  Have you read any books by Charles Dickens?
  Who is that painting by? Picasso?

BY được dùng sau động từ ở thể bị động để chỉ tác nhân thực hiện hành động:

• I was bitten by a dog.

WITH (cùng với, có) và WITHOUT (không có):

• Did you stay at a hotel or with friends?
• Wait for me. Please don't go without me.
• Do you like your coffee with or without milk?
• I cut the paper with a pair of scissors. (dùng công cụ)

WITH mô tả đặc điểm:

• a man with a beard (người đàn ông có râu)
• a woman with glasses (người phụ nữ đeo kính)
• Do you know that man with the beard?
• I'd like to have a house with a big garden.

ABOUT (về, liên quan đến) được dùng với:

Động từ + about:

• talk/speak/think/hear/know about...:
  Some people talk about their work all the time.
  I don't know much about cars.

Danh từ + about:

• a book / a question / a programme / information about...:
  There was a programme about volcanoes on TV last night. Did you see it?